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.FEX file Description

A FEX file defines various aspects of how the SoC works. It configures the GPIO pins and sets up DRAM, Display, etc parameters. It is Allwinners predecessor for the devicetree. Each line consists of a key = value pair combination … Continue reading

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C program to swap two numbers using bitwise operator

/** * C program to swap two numbers using bitwise operator */ #include int main() { int num1, num2; //Reads two numbers from user printf(“Enter any two numbers: “); scanf(“%d%d”, &num1, &num2); printf(“Original value of num1 = %d\n”, num1); printf(“Original … Continue reading

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Serial Interfaces

Serial is an umbrella word for all that is “Time Division Multiplexed”, to use an expensive term. It means that the data is sent spread over time, most often one single bit after another. All the protocols you’re naming are … Continue reading

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ARM and Thumb instruction set overview

All ARM instructions are 32 bits long. Instructions are stored word-aligned, so the least significant two bits of instruction addresses are always zero in ARM state. Thumb instructions are either 16 or 32 bits long. Instructions are stored half-word aligned. … Continue reading

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Cortex-A series processors

ARM documentation set for the ARM Cortex-A family of processors, including the ARM Cortex-A15 MPCore, ARM Cortex-A9 MPCore, ARM Cortex-A9 single core, ARM Cortex-A8, ARM Cortex-A7 MPCore, and ARM Cortex-A5 processors. The ARM Cortex-A Series is a family of applications … Continue reading

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Multiline macros in C (macro as function)

Multiline macros in C In this article, we will discuss how to write a multi-line macro. We can write multi-line macro same like function, but each statement ends with “\”. Let us see with example. Below is simple macro, which … Continue reading

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Differences between threads and processes

The major differences between threads and processes are: Threads share the address space of the process that created it; processes have their own address space. Threads have direct access to the data segment of its process; processes have their own … Continue reading

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what is volatile key word in c

The proper use of C’s volatile keyword is poorly understood by many programmers. This is not surprising, as most C texts dismiss it in a sentence or two. This article will teach you the proper way to do it. Have … Continue reading

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How to use GDB with BT(Backtrace)

GDB is an essential tool for programmers to debug their code. Breakpoints are the way to tell GDB to stop or pause the program execution at certain line, or function, or address. Once the program is stopped you can examine … Continue reading

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Interprocess communication (IPC)

IPC allows to coordinate among the different processes that are running in an operating system simultaneously. There are various IPC techniques viz. PIPE, FIFO, Shared memory, Message Queue,Threads etc. Difference between two IPC techniques i.e, Pipe and FIFO 1) Pipe … Continue reading

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How to create Message Queue

The msgget() system call returns the System message queue identifier associated with the value of the key argument. A new message queue is created if key has the value  IPC_PRIVATE or key isn’t IPC_PRIVATE, no message queue with the given … Continue reading

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Diffrence between stat,fstat and lstat

DESCRIPTION These functions return information about a file. No permissions are required on the file itself, but — in the case of stat() and lstat() — execute (search) permission is required on all of the directories in path that lead … Continue reading

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Print hello world without using semicolon

NOTE : Use stdio.h header file solution 1: #include void main() { if(printf(“Hello World”)) { } } solution 2: #include void main() { while(!printf(“Hello World”)) { } } solution 3: #include void main() { switch(printf(“Hello World”)) { } }

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Embedded Systems and Internet of Things

 Embedded Systems and IOT With billions of devices expected to join the IoT over the next several years, analysts expect organizations to continue this migration away from the legacy static languages that have been traditionally used. This steady integration into … Continue reading

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floating point number

why the floating point number initialising with f in postfix………. e.g. if we take two floating point number f1 = 0.5f; f2 = 0.3f; and if we print, then two different result if( f1 == 0.5f ) { printf(“f1 = … Continue reading

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