014.01.52.2. Walk through the steps involved in the NAT process as described in the text. How does the router transform packets to facilitate communication between hosts on a private network and the outside world?
A host on the internal private network wants to make a connection to the outside world, so it sends its connection request packets through the router.
The router intercepts the connection request packet rather than passing it out to the internet(where it would get lost because the internet knows nothing about private networks.)
the router determines the destination of connection request packet and opens its own connection to the destination.
When the router obtains the connection, it fakes a "connection established" message back to the original; internal host.
The router is the middleman between the internal host and the destination. The destination knows nothing about the internal host, the connection on the remote host looks like it came from the router.
The router transforms packets while they are moving from one subnet to another.
Following are the steps involved in the NAT process:
1. A host on the internal private network initiates a connection to the outside world by sending connection request packets through the router.
2. The router intercepts the connection request packet to prevent it from going directly to the internet, where it might get lost since the internet is unaware of private networks.
3. The router determines the destination of the connection request packet and establishes its own connection to the destination on behalf of the internal host.
4. Once the router establishes the connection, it sends a fake "connection established" message back to the original internal host.
5. The router acts as the intermediary between the internal host and the destination. From the perspective of the destination, the connection appears to come from the router, not the internal host.
6. Throughout this process, the router transforms packets as they move from one subnet to another.
These refinements provide a bit more clarity in the flow of actions during the NAT process.
